Grammar: Tense
3.
Future Tense
A.
Simple Future
The Simple Future Tense is formed with shall/will+ infinitive (v1).
l/We shall / will + v1
The Simple Future Tense is formed with shall/will+ infinitive (v1).
l/We shall / will + v1
You/He/She/It/They
will + v1
Simple Future is used:
ü To
denote an action that has still to take place. This tense can be used with time
adverbials such as soon, shortly, tonight, tomorrow, next week/month and with
clauses introduced by when, until, before, after, as soon as, the moment
that____, etc.
We shall reach Kathmandu tomorrow.
We shall reach Kathmandu tomorrow.
He
will go soon.
Going to Future
The going to future is formed with am/is/are + going to + v1.
It is used:
The going to future is formed with am/is/are + going to + v1.
It is used:
ü To
express intention
I am going to eat my lunch.
She is going to be a nurse.
I am going to eat my lunch.
She is going to be a nurse.
ü To
indicate incidents beyond our control
It is going to rain soon.
The wall is going to break soon.
It is going to rain soon.
The wall is going to break soon.
Note
that the verbs go and come normally do not take the going to form.
I am going soon. (not, I am going to go ____)
They are coming today. (not, They are going to come _____)
The Present Continuous can also denote actions in the near Future.
She is flying to Delhi tomorrow.
Mother is arriving this evening.
I am going soon. (not, I am going to go ____)
They are coming today. (not, They are going to come _____)
The Present Continuous can also denote actions in the near Future.
She is flying to Delhi tomorrow.
Mother is arriving this evening.
B. Future
Continuous
The Future Continuous has the form shall/will be + present participle (v4):
l/We shall be reading tomorrow.
You/He/She/It/They will be working.
The Future Continuous has the form shall/will be + present participle (v4):
l/We shall be reading tomorrow.
You/He/She/It/They will be working.
Future Continuous is used:
ü To
express an action going on in a certain time in the future
I shall be writing a letter then.
We shall/will be playing in the meadow.
I shall be writing a letter then.
We shall/will be playing in the meadow.
ü To
make plans for future events
You will be meeting me next week.
I'll be staying here till Tuesday.
You will be meeting me next week.
I'll be staying here till Tuesday.
C. Future
Perfect
The Future Perfect Tense is used to indicate the completion of an action by a certain future time. It is formed with shall/will have + past participle (v3):
I shall have gone home by that time.
Before you call him, he will have reached home.
The Future Perfect Tense is used to indicate the completion of an action by a certain future time. It is formed with shall/will have + past participle (v3):
I shall have gone home by that time.
Before you call him, he will have reached home.
Gopal
will have finished his work by 5 0'clock.
D. Future
Perfect Continuous
The Future Perfect Continuous is formed with shall/will + have been +v4.
This tense is used to denote an action represented as being in progress over a period of time that will end in the future.
The Future Perfect Continuous is formed with shall/will + have been +v4.
This tense is used to denote an action represented as being in progress over a period of time that will end in the future.
Note that it can normally take
two time adverbials, by/in + time and for + time.
By next April they will have been staying for five years.
In two weeks I shall have been working for six months.
The Future Perfect is used for an action which at a given future time will be in the past, or will just have finished.
We are less concerned with time than with the completion of an action as in I shall have gone home by noon. But when there is for + period of time, the Future Perfect Continuous is also possible though it is quite uncommon in practice.
By next April they will have been staying for five years.
In two weeks I shall have been working for six months.
The Future Perfect is used for an action which at a given future time will be in the past, or will just have finished.
We are less concerned with time than with the completion of an action as in I shall have gone home by noon. But when there is for + period of time, the Future Perfect Continuous is also possible though it is quite uncommon in practice.
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